The book Utopías artísticas de revuelta is written in an experiential and engaged style. This dual format entails a whole range of inherent issues and limitations. It is, however, a choice that the author mentions early in the preamble in a clear and transparent manner.The book refers to artistic interventions and the very concept of art itself in a comprehensive way, considering art as well as all visual interventions that appear in the protests and in the various situations that are (...) described. The text focuses largely on recent events in the so-called camp of the indignados in Madrid, known as Ciudad del Sol. The author also researches relevant historical events, gathering insights that she integrates into the... (shrink)

Research has demonstrated that policing is a stressful occupation and has a negative impact on police officers’ mental and physical health, performance, and interactions with citizens. Mental health at the workplace has become a concern due to the costs of depression, anxiety, burnout, and even suicide, which is high among police officers.To ameliorate occupational health, it is crucial therefore to identify stress and burnout levels on a regular basis. However, the instruments frequently used to measure stress have not valorized the (...) specificity of policing tasks. This study aims: i) conducting a literature review, to identify questionnaires used to assess occupational stress and burnout among police officers; ii) to analyze the psychometric characteristics of a Portuguese version of Operational Police Stress Questionnaire (PSQ-Op); and, using the PSQ-op and other questionnaires, iii) to identify operational stress, burnout, and distress levels among Portuguese police officers. The literature review identified 108 studies, which use a multiplicity of questionnaires to measure burnout or occupational stress among police officers, but few studies use specific police stress questionnaires. Sample sizes were mostly below 500 participants and studies were mainly developed in the last decade in the USA and Brazil, but also in another 24 countries, showing the extent of the interest in this topic. This study applied to 2057 police officers from National Portuguese Police, a force policing urban centers, the PSQ-Op, as well the Spanish Burnout Inventory and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale.The results show that the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of PSQ-Op are adequate. Factorial analysis revealed two dimensions defined as social and work issues, which were associated with measures of distress and burnout.Fit indices suggested a second-order solution called operational police stress. Overall, and considering the scale range of each questionnaire, the results showed moderate values of operational stress, distress, and burnout. However, considering their cut-off points, 85% of the sample presented high operational stress levels, 11% critical values for burnout, and 28% high distress levels, with 55% of the sample at risk of psychological disorder. These results reinforce the need to prevent stress and to invest in police officers’ occupational health. (shrink)

Monetary intelligence theory asserts that individuals apply their money attitude to frame critical concerns in the context and strategically select certain options to achieve financial goals and ultimate happiness. This study explores the dark side of monetary Intelligence and behavioral economics—dishonesty. Dishonesty, a risky prospect, involves cost–benefit analysis of self-interest. We frame good or bad barrels in the environmental context as a proxy of high or low probability of getting caught for dishonesty, respectively. We theorize: The magnitude and intensity of (...) the relationship between love of money and dishonest prospect may reveal how individuals frame dishonesty in the context of two levels of subjective norm—perceived corporate ethical values at the micro-level and Corruption Perceptions Index at the macro-level, collected from multiple sources. Based on 6382 managers in 31 geopolitical entities across six continents, our cross-level three-way interaction effect illustrates: As expected, managers in good barrels, mixed barrels, and bad barrels display low, medium, and high magnitude of dishonesty, respectively. With high CEV, the intensity is the same across cultures. With low CEV, the intensity of dishonesty is the highest in high CPI entities —the Enron Effect, but the lowest in low CPI entities. CPI has a strong impact on the magnitude of dishonesty, whereas CEV has a strong impact on the intensity of dishonesty. We demonstrate dishonesty in light of monetary values and two frames of social norm, revealing critical implications to the field of behavioral economics and business ethics. (shrink)

Monetary Intelligence theory asserts that individuals apply their money attitude to frame critical concerns in the context and strategically select certain options to achieve financial goals and ultimate happiness. This study explores the bright side of Monetary Intelligence and behavioral economics, frames money attitude in the context of pay and life satisfaction, and controls money at the macro-level and micro-level. We theorize: Managers with low love of money motive but high stewardship behavior will have high subjective well-being: pay satisfaction and (...) quality of life. Data collected from 6586 managers in 32 cultures across six continents support our theory. Interestingly, GDP per capita is related to life satisfaction, but not to pay satisfaction. Individual income is related to both life and pay satisfaction. Neither GDP nor income is related to Happiness. Our theoretical model across three GDP groups offers new discoveries: In high GDP entities, “high income” not only reduces aspirations—“Rich, Motivator, and Power,” but also promotes stewardship behavior—“Budget, Give/Donate, and Contribute” and appreciation of “Achievement.” After controlling income, we demonstrate the bright side of Monetary Intelligence: Low love of money motive but high stewardship behavior define Monetary Intelligence. “Good apples enjoy good quality of life in good barrels.” This notion adds another explanation to managers’ low magnitude of dishonesty in entities with high Corruption Perceptions Index. In low GDP entities, high income is related to poor Budgeting skills and escalated Happiness. These managers experience equal satisfaction with pay and life. We add a new vocabulary to the conversation of monetary intelligence, income, GDP, happiness, subjective well-being, good and bad apples and barrels, corruption, and behavioral ethics. (shrink)

Corruption involves greed, money, and risky decision-making. We explore the love of money, pay satisfaction, probability of risk, and dishonesty across cultures. Avaricious monetary aspiration breeds unethicality. Prospect theory frames decisions in the gains-losses domain and high-low probability. Pay dissatisfaction (in the losses domain) incites dishonesty in the name of justice at the individual level. The Corruption Perceptions Index, CPI, signals a high-low probability of getting caught for dishonesty at the country level. We theorize that decision-makers adopt avaricious love-of-money aspiration (...) as a lens and frame dishonesty in the gains-losses domain (pay satisfaction-dissatisfaction, Level 1) and high-low probability (CPI, Level 2) to maximize expected utility and ultimate serenity. We challenge the myth: Pay satisfaction mitigates dishonesty across nations consistently. Based on 6500 managers in 32 countries, our cross-level three-dimensional visualization offers the following discoveries. Under high aspiration conditions, pay dissatisfaction excites the highest- (third-highest) avaricious justice-seeking dishonesty in high (medium) CPI nations, supporting the certainty effect. However, pay satisfaction provokes the second-highest avaricious opportunity-seizing dishonesty in low CPI entities, sustaining the possibility effect—maximizing expected utility. Under low aspiration conditions, high pay satisfaction consistently leads to low dishonesty, demonstrating risk aversion—achieving ultimate serenity. We expand prospect theory from a micro and individual-level theory to a cross-level theory of monetary wisdom across 32 nations. We enhance the S-shaped Curve to three 3-D corruption surfaces across three levels of the global economic pyramid, providing novel insights into behavioral economics, business ethics, the environment, and responsibility. (shrink)

Resenha do livro: DUQUE, Eduardo. _Valores e religiosidade em Portugal: _comportamentos e atitudes geracionais. Porto: Afrontamento, 2022, 126 p.

Este artigo tem como objectivo organizar as teorias da secularização de forma diferente, assentando-as em filiações filosóficas/sociológicas e em níveis de análise. Para tal, como método, usa-se a análise comparada de conteúdo das teorias e/ou dos trabalhos mais relevantes dos principais autores. As teorias podem dividir-se em dois grupos principais, adeptos e adversários da secularização. Enquanto os adeptos se afiguram como aprofundamentos e ajustamentos das teorias clássicas à realidade contemporânea, advogando sobretudo a religiosidade individual, os adversários apresentam concepções diferentes das (...) teorias clássicas da secularização, defendendo a permanência da religiosidade institucional. No primeiro grupo encontram-se as teorias pós-clássicas e as teorias da individualização, enquanto no segundo grupo apresentam-se o modelo económico, as teorias do regresso e as teorias histórico-culturais. Weber e Durkheim, e as correntes epistemológicas que representam, são a maior influência das várias teorias existentes, umas mais descendentes do primeiro, outras do segundo. O modelo económico distingue-se das restantes teorias por ser a única que não é influenciada por Weber e que é influenciada pelo empirismo anglo-saxónico. (shrink)

Resenha do livro _Handing down the faith: How parents pass their religion on to the next generation_, de Christian Smith e Amy Adamczyk da Orford University Press, publicado em 2021.

Este artigo sobre as minorias religiosas em Portugal tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica dos estudos qualitativos de cariz sociológico e/ou antropológico sobre as mesmas, contribuindo, assim, para reunir e analisar os estudos referidos, para além de avaliar, no final, o estado da arte. Para o efeito, realiza-se uma análise exaustiva dos catálogos das bibliotecas das universidades, dos sites dos centros de investigação e das plataformas de dados curriculares, para se coligir as obras de cada autor doutorado, optando-se, sempre (...) que possível, pelas mais recentes, completas e/ou representativas do objecto estudado. Por um lado, há minorias religiosas relativamente bem analisadas, como alguns evangélicos, alguns outros cristãos, religiões afro-brasileiras e africanas, cristãos orientais, muçulmanos, hindus e judeus. Por outro lado, há minorias religiosas totalmente por estudar, sobretudo evangélicos, outros cristãos e minorias orientais, cuja presença é mais significativa, ou protestantes, cuja presença é menos significativa. (shrink)

Este artículo desarrolla algunos elementos hermenéutico-dialógicos de la pedagogía hermenéutica aplicada a la “formación universitaria” para una educación eco-relacional, pues donde hay relaciones, hay contradicciones; donde hay contradicciones, hay contexto; donde hay contexto; hay diálogo; donde hay diálogo, hay educación; donde hay educación, hay historia que interpretar; donde hay historia, hay aprendizaje y comprensión. Nos aproximamos a la formación universitaria desde la hermenéutica filosófica gadameriana para asumir al diálogo como fuente permanente de humanización, de superación de diferencias y de aproximación (...) a la verdad, desde el cual proponemos un modelo dialógico eco-relacional cuyo eje es el lenguaje para la comprensión interhumana de una educación humanizadora fruto del cruce entre los elementos teóricos provenientes la hermenéutica filosófica, de las pedagogías críticas y de los requerimientos de la formación universitaria como comunidad de sentido. El objetivo de este artículo se orienta hacia la profundización en el conocimiento y construcción de una propuesta teórica mediante el diálogo hermenéutico de la comprensión con el fin de conocer y mejorar la práctica formativa para la comprensión humana profunda en el ámbito universitario. Como problema se asume una suerte de “monologización” de la praxis formativa como expresión propia de la educación de mercado neoliberal actual. Para ello, exploramos las coordenadas hermenéuticas de Gadamer para darle forma a una formación eco-relacional en el contexto de la tardía y su r(el)acionalidad instrumental. El método fenomenológico-hermenéutico en su capacidad integradora, plantea una singular sintonía desde el punto de vista ontológico y epistemológico, al constituirse como un enfoque interpretativo-ontológico, que asume simultáneamente el existir, el ser y el estar en mundo expresados lingüísticamente. Concluimos que la formación universitaria actual y futura se juega en el intercambio entre subjetividades y alteridades donde el diálogo es el mediador entre el concepto y la experiencia educativa, pues el ethos de la educación es el diálogo como, a su vez, el thelos de la educación es la comprensión interhumana. (shrink)

El presente artículo desarrolla el diagnóstico nietzscheano sobre la condición moral de la tradición judeo-cristiana occidental. Haciendo un recorrido por la crítica nietzscheana en La genealogía de la moral, nos proponemos, bajo la clave hermenéutica de sentido, mostrar que el sacerdote asceta se alza como una figura de dominio de carácter sacro de los sentimientos morales, convirtiéndose en una suerte de administrador del sentido del sufrimiento, de la pena, de la culpa y de la mala conciencia.

The aim of this study is to present and investigate the spirituality of communion in one of the most important movements of the Church in the late twentieth and early twenty-first century, namely the Focolare Movement. It is a spirituality that seeks to reestablish communion and unity between the human being and God and between the various segments that make up the Church and society. Finally, it is stated that in the present a great number of conflicts that go from (...) the terrorism is seen, such as ethnic and religious conflicts, until arriving at wars and economic disputes. Within this worrying context, the spirituality of communion, of the Focolare Movement, is a concrete response that is possible to the construction of unity and that the human being has superficial differences only, since in the deepest being, a communion called humanity is formed. (shrink)

Tomando como ponto de partida a noção de “psicologia das multidões”, desenvolvida inicialmente por Gustave Le Bon (1841-1931), este trabalho procura refletir, num sentido amplo, sobre a dinâmica entre a política e as relações intersubjetivas, afetivas e imaginárias da vida coletiva. Além disso, buscamos estabelecer o confronto entre dois filósofos pós-marxistas contemporâneos, Antonio Negri e Ernesto Laclau, os quais, afastando-se da perspectiva de Le Bon, fazem leituras distintas das noções de povo, massa e multidão, propondo, cada qual a seu modo, (...) estratégias diferentes de atuação política, sem desconsiderar a dinâmica dos afetos que estruturam a vida social e política na atual fase do capitalismo. Frente a estas perspectivas, pretendemos mostrar que o conceito de multidão, de Le Bon, bem como as técnicas de propaganda e manipulação de massa por ele indicada, é uma ferramenta útil para compreender os fenômenos políticos contemporâneos, como é o caso do neofascismo, que surge em meio à crise da democracia representativa. (shrink)

O objetivo deste texto é pensar sobre as relações entre Vico e Rousseau e suas respectivas perspectivas sobre o estatuto da linguagem, da retórica e da sociedade.

This paper presents results of the author’s PhD research: Catholic beliefs and practices, attitudes toward marriage, life and sexuality. The empirical support is a survey made to a sample of 500 students from Lisbon public universities, using a non-random sampling in two phases, first a quota sampling and after a convenience one. There are some results that stand out. More than half of students of the sample call themselves Catholic and believe in the dogmatic representations about God, Jesus and Mary, (...) though other dogmatic beliefs as hell, purgatory and resurrection are much lower. There is some spirituality among students, although the importance of God is less important. The frequencies of the Mass, prayer, Holy Communion, confession are all very low. The attitudes toward marriage, life and sexuality lie between ‘some’ and ‘very’, with abortion having the smallest rating and contraception the highest. In general, undergraduate youth is away from the norms of the Church. At the same time, these youngsters believe and belong more than they practice. Keywords: Beliefs. Practices. Attitudes. Portugal. Undergraduate students. Resumo Este artigo apresenta resultados da tese de doutoramento do autor: crenças e práticas católicas, atitudes em relação ao casamento, à vida e à sexualidade. O suporte empírico é um inquérito aplicado a uma amostra de 500 estudantes das universidades públicas de Lisboa, usando uma amostragem não aleatória em duas fases, primeiro a amostragem por quotas e depois a amostragem por conveniência. Há alguns resultados que se destacam. Mais do que metade da amostra denomina-se católica e acredita nas representações dogmáticas de Deus, Jesus e Maria, embora outras crenças dogmáticas como inferno, purgatório e ressurreição sejam bastante mais baixas. Há alguma espiritualidade entre os estudantes, embora menos considerem que Deus seja importante. A frequência da Missa, oração, comunhão, confissão é muito baixa. As atitudes relativamente ao casamento, vida e sexualidade estão entre ‘alguma’ e ‘muita’, tendo o aborto o valor mais pequeno e a contracepção o valor maior. Na generalidade, a juventude universitária está afastada das normas da Igreja. Ao mesmo tempo, eles acreditam e pertencem mais do que praticam. Palavras-chave: Crenças. Práticas. Atitudes. Portugal. Estudantes niversitários. (shrink)

The research team measured the enterprise web accessibility levels of the Forbes 250 largest enterprises using the fully automatic accessibility evaluation tool Sortsite, and presented the compliance of the evaluated websites to WCAG 1.0, WCAG 2.0 and Section 508 accessibility levels. Given the recent attention to organizational leaders having ethical duties towards their dedicated employees, we propose that ‘societal citizenship behaviour’ concerns ethical duties of organizational leaders towards society in general and in particular to those who have less means to (...) assert their needs. In effect, we found enterprise website accessibility levels to be in need of significant improvement. An interpretation of a positive path forward to better enterprise website accessibility levels is put forth based on a focus-group interaction and using BNML—a novel Business Narrative Modelling Language. (shrink)

Tomando como marco de referencia la filosofía crítica kantiana, el artículo se plantea la cuestión del progreso moral de la humanidad. En primer lugar, examina las dificultades que en el contexto de tal filosofía presenta la pretensión de avanzar algo en lo moral. A continuación, aborda la posible contradicción existente entre la idea de progreso y la adscripción kantiana de lo moral al ámbito nouménico. Considera las diferentes alusiones que en la obra kantiana se encuentran en defensa de la tesis (...) que defiende el progreso moral del género humano, examinando los argumentos a favor y en contra de ellas. Finalmente, establece el estatus que debe tener en el contexto kantiano de reflexión la anticipación del posible progreso moral de la humanidad y la manera como éste habría de producirse. (shrink)

In this article we aim to provide insights about the challenges stakeholders in Portugal and across the globe may face throughout the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic to reorganize coach training programs and suggest strategies to help coaches learn. Such reflection may help stakeholders across socio-cultural contexts consider the consequences of the changes made to coach training programs, the rationale for these decisions and the need to acknowledge existent challenges such as lower course completion rates, pressures to deliver the curriculum and (...) dilemmatic decisions about course format. Furthermore, we also suggest pathways for stakeholders to develop strategies that consider contextual variables and contribute to meaningful learning. Based on the Portuguese context, several issues are discussed. (shrink)

As transformações a que as cidades estão sujeitas têm suscitado um discurso ambivalente sobre a cidade, um discurso que tem desenhado, não raras vezes, os seus limites na própria delimitação do espaço físico urbano. No entanto, não devemos esquecer que a revitalização da vida comunitária deverá considerar outras dimensões, compreendendo os patrimónios político, social, arquitectónico e urbanístico. Acima de tudo, a cidade contemporânea de carácter multicultural requer uma renovada urbanidade do pensamento.Propomos, então, uma abordagem que tentará, pela partilha cruzada da (...) arquitectura, do urbanismo e da filosofia, superar um entendimento estritamente utilitário da cidade, de modo a provocar e informar as novas políticas urbanísticas e os seus modelos de gestão, em ordem à civilidade, procurando reforçar o que une os saberes e não o que os separa. (shrink)

CRÍTICA À JURISDIÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL E O SEU PAPEL NA DEMOCRACIA PROCEDIMENTAL NA VISÃO DE JURGEN HABERMAS.

It is sometimes asserted that Philo of Alexandria is the creator of systematic theology – not because he created systematics , that is, a body of doctrine classified and integrated by a set of principles defined in philosophical terms, but because he created theology , that is, a mode of philosophizing which derives its main categories from a supernatural revelation. Such a mode was pursued by Philo's Christian disciples, among whom was Origen , one of the first of his faith (...) to attempt, unsuccessfully, to formulate a systematics. Not until John Damascene was the attempt realized, but only in part: for while Damascene does classify the doctrinal truths of the Christian faith in an orderly manner, and through the use of philosophically defined concepts, he does not seek to investigate their inner philosophical intelligibility and cohesiveness. Christian doctrine was too involved for being viewed comprehensively all at once, and while some theologians, like Dionysius and Maximus the Confessor , appear to have grasped its inner architectonics, they seem to have been unable to express it in a clear and structured literary form. (shrink)

Portugal ranks fourth among countries with the highest rate of overweight population, considering that 67.6% of the Portuguese population over the age of 15 is overweight or obese. To our knowledge, limited studies have investigated students’ attitudes toward physical education in Portugal. Such research is necessary because it can provide valuable insights for policy and application in the curriculum development for physical education, which may eventually increase participation in physical and sports activities. This study analyzed students’ attitudes toward physical education (...) (PE) according to sociodemographic variables, including grade level, socioeconomic status, and gender, and their participation in extracurricular sports activities and respective PE grades. The sample comprised 476 high school students (from the 7th, 8th, and 9th-grade levels) from five public schools located in Portugal. The Students’ Attitudes toward Physical Education Questionnaire was adapted and validated for use with Portuguese students as a two-factor model. Findings show that students generally have a moderately positive attitude toward PE. However, students’ positive attitudes tend to decrease throughout high school, which is particularly significant in the 9th grade. Furthermore, students’ attitudes are influenced by gender, extracurricular sports practice, and grades. These findings may help stakeholders reflect on how to frame PE in a more meaningful way to create a solid foundation for maintaining an active lifestyle throughout life. Implications for further research and practice are discussed. (shrink)

Fernando González Ochoa es un referente de la filosofía colombiana y latinoamericana y como tal ha sido tomado en cuenta seriamente por grandes escritores y pensadores a nivel mundial. Entre ellos se encuentra el filósofo francés Jean-Paul Sartre, considerado como uno de los grandes precursores del existencialismo y que presuntamente elogió abiertamente el pensamiento de González. Ante ello, en este artículo se indagará sobre algunas consideraciones que configurarían la construcción de un sujeto existencial en ambos pensadores, colocando entre otras (...) temáticas la mala fe, la remembranza del tiempo y la construcción de una reflexión basada en la existencia que tiene como punto central la aceptación, convicción y certeza de la realidad humana. (shrink)

Uma entrevista inédita de Giannotti sobre Artigas.

Our research has found that companies which have diverged from traditional management in order to adopt strategies which include ethics, cooperation and a joint vision of management obtain a greater added value. The new challenges of competitiveness require a position of active cooperation between firms and their suppliers, which should be considered as collaborators rather than adversaries. An active cooperation management may well allow the company to improve the quality of its products and its image, speed up delivery to its (...) clients and make its production and trading more agile, thus enhancing the perception the client has of the product. An improved ethical quality in our dealings, generating trust, improving communication and establishing long-term relationships with joint added value, results in higher competitiveness and greater creation of wealth. (shrink)

In Brazil, induced abortion in adolescents has been frequent in less-advantaged socioeconomic classes, and the vulnerability of these adolescents has not been addressed. Given this context, the present study sought to investigate the relationship between the practice of abortion and vulnerability in adolescents. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 201 adolescents who completed a structured questionnaire that allowed the analysis of variables with respect to intent to abort. The profile of the pregnant adolescents in the sample studied was the (...) following: average age, 16.1 years; stable partner; mulatas; did not use condoms during sexual relations; precocious with respect to their first sexual relations; and did not plan the pregnancy. According to the classification of the World Health Organization, 81.59% of the subjects‘ abortions were known to be induced. Twenty-one were vulnerable to induced abortion; of these, 13 reported forced sexual intercourse, of whom 8 reported that they had suffered associated violence. These results indicate that sexual violence and unwanted pregnancy subject adolescents to a context of greater vulnerability to induced abortion. Thus, it is suggested that this relationship should be considered from the perspective of bioethics and human rights, but always respecting the cultural values of the society in which the adolescents live, as well as their human dignity. (shrink)